Refrigerant muMota: Chinhu Chinobatsira Pakutonhodza Zvinobudirira Paunenge Uchifamba

Parwendo rwemazuva ano rwemumugwagwa, rwendo rwekunze kwemugwagwa, uye kunyange rwendo rwezuva nezuva, mafiriji emotazvave chishandiso chakakosha chekuchengetedza chikafu nezvinwiwa zvichitonhorera. Kubva pakutyaira mota kure kusvika pakufamba netsoka nekudzika musasa, zvishandiso izvi zvekutonhodza zvinotakurika zvinopa nyore kusingaenzaniswi. Zvisinei, pakati pechero sisitimu yekutonhodza—ingava mudziyo wepamba kana firiji yemotokari—ndiyo inotonhodza. Muchinyorwa chino, tichaongorora basa remafiriji mumafiriji emotokari, mhando dzakasiyana dzemafiriji uye kukanganisa kwaanoita nharaunda.

 

Chii chinonzi refrigerant?

Refrigerant chinhu chinoshandiswa mufiriji chinotora kupisa kubva kune imwe nzvimbo wochiendesa kune imwe. Muchidimbu, mafiriji ndiwo akakosha mukutonhodza. Anogona kuchinja pakati pemvura negasi, achitora kupisa zvinobudirira uye achichengetedza tembiricha inodiwa mukati mefiriji. Maitiro aya akafanana neanotonhodza imba yako neair conditioner, asi anoshanda pafiriji diki yemota.

Mafiriji anowanzova nepaanonyanya kufashaira, zvichireva kuti anogona kuchinja zviri nyore pakati pemvura negasi. Izvi zvinoabvumira kupinza kupisa zvakanaka uye kuchengetedza tembiricha mukati mefiriji yemotokari. Kushanda zvakanaka kwefiriji yemotokari kunoenderana zvakanyanya nehunhu hwefiriji, kusanganisira kugona kwayo kupinza nekuburitsa kupisa, kumanikidzwa uye tembiricha, uye kuchengetedzeka kwayo kune mushandisi nenzvimbo.

 

Mhando dzeMafiriji Anoshandiswa muMafiriji eMota

Kwemakore mazhinji, mafiriji ave achibatsira zvikuru mukuchengetedza mafiriji, kusanganisira mafiriji emota. Mhando dzakasiyana dzemafiriji dzinosiyana mukugadzirwa kwemakemikari, kushanda zvakanaka kwemuchina wekutonhodza, uye kukanganisa nharaunda. Idzi ndidzo mhando dzakasiyana dzemafiriji anowanzo shandiswa mumusika wefiriji yemota uripo.

 

R-134a (1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane)

R-134a ndeimwe yemafuta anonyanya kushandiswa mufiriji uye inoshandiswa zvakanyanya mumafiriji emota pamwe chete nema air conditioner emota. Ifriji yefreon-based (HFC) yakaunzwa kutanga kwema1990 senzira yekutsiva R-12, iyo yakawanikwa ichikuvadza ozone layer panguva iyoyo. Kunyangwe R-134a isinganyanyi kuparadza ozone layer, ichiri ne global warming potential yakakwira (GWP), zvinoreva kuti kana ikaburitswa mumhepo, icharamba iine simba pakuchinja kwemamiriro ekunze.

 

Mabhenefiti eR-134a:

Kushanda zvakanaka kwekutonhodza.

Haina chepfu uye haibati moto.

Inoshandiswa zvakanyanya uye inodhura zvishoma.

 

Zvakashata zveR-134a:

GWP yakakwira, haisi sarudzo isingakuvadzi nharaunda.

Hazvinyatsoshanda zvakanaka pane mamwe mafiriji matsva, uye zvingada compressor yakakura kuti iwane mhedzisiro yakafanana yekutonhodza.

 

R-600a (isobutane)

R-600a, inozivikanwawo se isobutane, imuchina wekuisa mufiriji wehydrocarbon wagara uchishandiswa, wave uchinyanya kufarirwa mumakore achangopfuura nekuda kwekukanganisa kwaro zvishoma nharaunda. Kana ichienzaniswa neR-134a, R-600a ine GWP shoma uye inoshandisa simba rakawanda, zvichiita kuti ive sarudzo yakanaka yemasisitimu ekutonhodza anotakurika, kusanganisira mafiriji emota.

 

Mabhenefiti eR-600a:

GWP yakaderera zvikuru, hapana kukuvara kwe ozone layer.

Inoshanda zvakanyanya kupfuura mafiriji eHFC.

Zvinowanzoitika, zvine hushamwari kune zvakatipoteredza.

 

Zvakashata zveR-600a:

Inobvira moto zvakanyanya, inoda kubatwa nekungwarira uye matanho chaiwo ekuchengetedza.

Haasi ese masisitimu ekutonhodza anoenderana, uye michina yekare ingangoda kuiswazve.

 

R-1234yf (2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene)

R-1234yf ifiriji itsva yakakwezva vanhu nekuda kwekusakwana kweGWP. Ifiriji yefluoroolefin (HFO) inotonhodza chizvarwa chinotevera. R-1234yf yakagadzirirwa kutsiva R-134a mumasisitimu emhepo inotonhodza mota uye iri kupindawo zvishoma nezvishoma mumusika wemafiriji emota.

 

Mabhenefiti eR-1234yf:

GWP yakaderera zvikuru (yakaderera zvikuru pane R-134a).

Haina chepfu uye haibati moto kana ichishanda zvakanaka.

Kushanda zvakanaka kwesimba.

 

Zvakashata zveR-1234yf:

Inodhura kupfuura R-134a neR-600a.

Nzvimbo dziripo pari zvino dzekutengesa zvinhu nedzekugadzirisa zvinhu idiki.

Kana zvikasabatwa zvakanaka, zvichiri kukanganisa nharaunda.

 

R-290 (Propane)

R-290, kana kuti propane, imwezve hydrocarbon refrigerant inoshandiswa mune mamwe mafiriji emota. Kufanana neR-600a, ine simba shoma pakuchengetedza nharaunda uye ine GWP shoma zvakanyanya. Kunyangwe ichinyanya kushandiswa mumafiriji ebhizinesi, iri kuwana simba muzvigadziriso zvidiki zvefiriji zvinotakurika, kunyanya mafiriji emota.

 

Mabhenefiti eR-290:

GWP yakaderera zvakanyanya, zvichiita kuti ive sarudzo isingakuvadzi nharaunda.

Kushanda zvakanaka kwekutonhodza.

Mutengo wakaderera uye unowanikwa zvakanyanya.

 

Zvakashata zveR-290:

Inobvira moto zvakanyanya, ichideredza kushandiswa kwayo mune mamwe mashandisirwo, ichida matanho akasimba ekuchengetedza.

Inoda michina yakasarudzika uye nzira dzekubata nadzo.

 

Kukanganiswa Kwemafiriji Nezvakatipoteredza

Sezvo shanduko yemamiriro ekunze uye kuparadzwa kwezvakatipoteredza kuri kuwedzera kuipa, kukanganisa kwemafiriji pakupisa kwepasi kwave nyaya huru kuindasitiri yemafiriji. Mafiriji aishandiswa mufiriji (kusanganisira mafiriji emota) ave chinhu chikuru chinokonzera kuburitswa kwemagasi ekupisa nekuda kwekuwedzera kweGWP uye katsika kekudonhedza mvura mumhepo.

Takatarisana nekumanikidzwa uku, Tsika iri kushanda kuderedza kukanganiswa kwayo necarbon. R600a inoshandiswa mufiriji itsva yedhirowa DC21DRW uye DC28DRWKuti kuderedze kukanganiswa kwezvakatipoteredza, kushandiswa kwemafiriji kuri kuenda kuGWP yakaderera, uye kushanda zvakanaka kwesimba remagetsi kuri kuramba kuchivandudzwa. Mafiriji akadai seR-600a, R-1234yf naR-290 ari kuva mamwe mashandisirwo akanaka pane mafiriji echinyakare nekuda kwekukanganisa kwawo kwakaderera kwezvakatipoteredza uye kushanda zvakanaka kwesimba.

Zvisinei, zvakakosha kuziva kuti kunyange zvazvo mafiriji aya asina simba rakawanda pane zvakatipoteredza, anogona kuramba achikanganisa nharaunda kana akasabatwa zvakanaka kana kuraswa zvisina kunaka. Nokudaro, vagadziri nevatengi vanofanirwa kutarisa pakubata, kugadzirisa uye nzira dzakakodzera dzekurasa.

 

Mhedziso

Chinotonhodza chiri mufiriji yemota chinoita basa guru mukushanda kwayo, kushanda zvakanaka, uye kukanganisa nharaunda. Sezvo kufambira mberi kwetekinoroji uye mitemo yezvakatipoteredza zvichiri kuramba zvichioma, kuchinja kune mafiriji asina GWP akawanda akadai seR-600a, R-1234yf, uye R-290 hazvizodzivisike. Mafiriji aya haangope simba rakawanda chete, asiwo anobatsira kuderedza kabhoni inoiswa mumafiriji emota. Mafiriji emota emangwana acharamba achitarisa pamhinduro dzisingakuvadzi nharaunda, dzinoshanda zvakanaka, uye dzinoshanda zvakanaka.

Nekunzwisisa mafiriji akasiyana ari kushandiswa parizvino uye kukanganisa kwawo nharaunda uye mashandiro awo, vatengi vanogona kuita sarudzo dzakanyatsojeka uye nekudaro vachibatsira mune ramangwana rakagadzikana.